Endothelium-protective sphingosine-1-phosphate provided by HDL-associated apolipoprotein M
C Christoffersen, H Obinata… - Proceedings of the …, 2011 - National Acad Sciences
C Christoffersen, H Obinata, SB Kumaraswamy, S Galvani, J Ahnström, M Sevvana…
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011•National Acad SciencesProtection of the endothelium is provided by circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P),
which maintains vascular integrity. We show that HDL-associated S1P is bound specifically
to both human and murine apolipoprotein M (apoM). Thus, isolated human ApoM+ HDL
contained S1P, whereas ApoM− HDL did not. Moreover, HDL in Apom−/− mice contains no
S1P, whereas HDL in transgenic mice overexpressing human apoM has an increased S1P
content. The 1.7-Å structure of the S1P–human apoM complex reveals that S1P interacts …
which maintains vascular integrity. We show that HDL-associated S1P is bound specifically
to both human and murine apolipoprotein M (apoM). Thus, isolated human ApoM+ HDL
contained S1P, whereas ApoM− HDL did not. Moreover, HDL in Apom−/− mice contains no
S1P, whereas HDL in transgenic mice overexpressing human apoM has an increased S1P
content. The 1.7-Å structure of the S1P–human apoM complex reveals that S1P interacts …
Protection of the endothelium is provided by circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which maintains vascular integrity. We show that HDL-associated S1P is bound specifically to both human and murine apolipoprotein M (apoM). Thus, isolated human ApoM+ HDL contained S1P, whereas ApoM− HDL did not. Moreover, HDL in Apom−/− mice contains no S1P, whereas HDL in transgenic mice overexpressing human apoM has an increased S1P content. The 1.7-Å structure of the S1P–human apoM complex reveals that S1P interacts specifically with an amphiphilic pocket in the lipocalin fold of apoM. Human ApoM+ HDL induced S1P1 receptor internalization, downstream MAPK and Akt activation, endothelial cell migration, and formation of endothelial adherens junctions, whereas apoM− HDL did not. Importantly, lack of S1P in the HDL fraction of Apom−/− mice decreased basal endothelial barrier function in lung tissue. Our results demonstrate that apoM, by delivering S1P to the S1P1 receptor on endothelial cells, is a vasculoprotective constituent of HDL.
National Acad Sciences